# Comparing/Contrasting Cosine and also Fourier Transforms

What are the distinctions in between a (distinct ) cosine change and also a (distinct ) Fourier change? I recognize the previous is made use of in JPEG inscribing, while the last plays a large component in signal and also photo handling. Just how relevant are they?

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2019-05-07 13:11:48
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To offer a concrete instance in Mathematica ($VersionNumber >= 6), take into consideration the series smp = {1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 4., 3., 2.};  The series has redundancy (as an example smp[[2]] == smp[[8]], yet keep in mind that in common Fourier job, the indexing is required from$0$to$n-1$as opposed to$1$to$n$). A series like smp is labelled an also series. The distinct Fourier change of smp can be anticipated to have redundancy too : Fourier[smp] // Chop {8.48528137423857, -2.414213562373095, 0, -0.4142135623730949, 0, -0.4142135623730949, 0, -2.414213562373095}  and also the distinct Fourier change is itself also. One can want to have a means to calculate the distinct Fourier change without redundancy, and also this is where the type I distinct cosine change (DCT - I) can be found in : FourierDCT[Take[smp, Length[smp]/2 + 1], 1] // Chop {8.48528137423857, -2.414213562373095, 0., -0.4142135623730949, 0.}  The even more common type II distinct cosine change (DCT - II) is the redundancy - free method for calculating the Fourier change of a so - called "quarter wave also" series (with an added makeover to make the outcomes totally actual genuine inputs). A quarter wave also series resembles this : smp = {1., 2., 3., 4., 4., 3., 2., 1.};  and also the document (as an example smp[[2]] == smp[[7]]) is conveniently seen. DCT - II calls for just fifty percent of the offered series to do its work : Exp[2 Pi I Range[0, 7]/16] Fourier[smp]/Sqrt[2] // Chop {4.999999999999999, -1.5771610149494746, 0, -0.11208538229199128, 0, 0.11208538229199126, 0, 1.5771610149494748} FourierDCT[Take[smp, Length[smp]/2], 2] // Chop {5., -1.577161014949475, 0, -0.11208538229199139}  (We see in this instance that the exploitation of proportion in this instance brought about a somewhat extra exact outcome.) The various other 2 sorts of distinct cosine changes, along with the 4 sorts of distinct sine changes, are planned to be redundancy - free approaches for calculating distinct Fourier changes. For DCT - I, one can manage a series of size$\frac{N}{2}+1$as opposed to a series of size$N$, while for DCT - II, just a size$\frac{N}{2}\$ series is called for. This stands for a financial savings in computational effort and time. (I think the instance of also size below ; a comparable proportion building can be developed for the instance of weird size.)